Electric Car Motor Controller

<p>Motor controller for electric vehicle With the popularization of electric vehicles, the engines of electric vehicles on the market today use AC motors. The power of the AC motor is provided by the on-board storage battery, which provides direct current to the vehicle through the on-board storage battery, but a normal motor requires alternating current to work normally. Therefore, turning direct current into alternating current is the key to the work of electric vehicles. </p><p><br></p><p><a href="https://www.vectorque.com/ev-motor-controller" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Electric car motor controller</a> 3 modules 1. Electronic control module (ElectronicController): It is a collective term that includes hardware circuits and corresponding control software. The hardware circuit mainly includes a microprocessor and its minimum system, a monitoring circuit for motor current, voltage, speed, temperature and other states, various hardware protection circuits, and data interaction with external control units such as vehicle controllers and battery management systems. Communication circuit. The control software implements corresponding control algorithms according to the characteristics of different types of motors. 2. Driver: It can convert the control signal of the microcontroller to the motor into a drive signal for driving the power converter, and isolate the power signal and the control signal. 3. Power Conversion Module (PowerConverter): Play a role in controlling the motor current. The power devices often used in electric vehicles include high-power transistors, gate-off thyristors, power field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors, and smart power modules. Wide variety of electric motors Based on different research purposes, there are many classifications of motors. </p><p><br></p><p>At present, the motors of electric vehicles are basically AC motors. The mainstream motors used in mainstream vehicles are permanent magnet AC motors. They have three characteristics: one is simple structure, safe and reliable in operation; second, the motor is small in size and relatively heavy Light, low power consumption, high work efficiency; third, the shape and size of the motor are flexible and diverse. Motor controller to work When the electric motor drives the car, the electric motor controller is urging the electric motor to work. The motor controller is composed of an inverter and a controller. The inverter receives the DC power delivered by the battery and inverts it into three-phase AC to provide power to the car motor. Secondly, the controller receives signals such as the motor speed and feeds it back to the meter. When braking or acceleration occurs, the controller controls the inverter The frequency rises and falls to achieve the purpose of acceleration or deceleration. </p><p><br></p><p>The future development of motor controllers follows principles 1. High safety is the most basic requirement of motor controller More and more integrated functions mean higher and higher security requirements. Safety performance needs to be achieved through the combination of many chip architectures, such as SBC+MCU monitoring architecture, high-voltage backup power supply, safety-related drive chips, comprehensive diagnosis of IGBT failures, independent safe shutdown paths, independent ADC channel resolver signal decoding, two high-voltage channels of different qualities Sampling circuit, different quality three-phase current Hall sensor, etc. 2. High power density, its shape and volume will develop towards miniaturization along with sub-assembly With the development of devices and the development of packaging technology, the cost forecast will gradually decrease. </p><p><br></p><p>From the perspective of sub-assembly, the traditional easy-to-use modules are developing towards square bricks, ultra-thin shapes, and finally bare DBC/chip forms. The shape and volume are developing towards miniaturization along with the sub-assembly, and it can reach 1/10 of the shape and volume in 2013 in 2018 or in the future. From the chip point of view, the motor controller is developing towards high efficiency and high operating junction temperature. For example, the operating junction temperature of the E3 chip is 150°C, the junction temperature of the EDT2 chip can be increased to 175°C, and the junction temperature of the SIC silicon carbide chip can exceed 175°C. If the power loss of the E2 chip is 1, the power loss of the latter two is 0. Between 8 and 0.3 to 0.5. Using SiC devices can significantly reduce switching losses, improve system efficiency, reduce dead time, and improve system output capabilities. From the overall consideration of the battery pack and controller, the total cost is reduced by 5%, and from the perspective of the vehicle, the cruising range is increased by 10%. The use of SiC devices can improve overall efficiency. Third, high voltage is the basic trend of the future development of motor controllers The direction of GBT is 650V, and the design of IGBT is towards higher 750V and 1200V. The EMC level will be higher and higher, and the next step should be the class5 level. Now the second-generation products may be able to achieve class3 and class4, and EMC will achieve class5 in the future, requiring measures to be miniaturized and lower in cost. EMC's core breakthrough innovation is positioned to achieve high-level EMC requirements with better filtering solutions and lower cost EMC components.</p><p><br></p><p> The motor controller has achieved the "five in one" level, with 5 categories of products At present, in many cities, the basic electric vehicle motor controller has achieved the "five in one" level, divided into five major categories of products: 1. Single main drive controller and auxiliary three-in-one controller (integrated: EHPS controller + ACM controller + DCDC). 2. Auxiliary five-in-one controller (integrated: EHPS controller + ACM controller + DCDC + PDU + dual source EPS controller). 3. Passenger car controller (integrated: main drive + DCDC). 4. Three-in-one controller for logistics vehicles (integrated: main drive + DCDC + PDU). 5. Five-in-one controller for logistics vehicles (integrated: main drive + EHPS controller + ACM controller + DCDC + PDU).</p>