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<p>Conventional endotracheal tube</p><p>It has good stability and is not prone to prolapse. At the same time, the fixation method is convenient for oral care, which is common clinically. Mainly made of PVC material. During use, due to catheter material and other problems, the patient will experience mucosal damage and cause bleeding symptoms, which will have a greater impact on the patient's normal treatment.</p><p><br></p><p>Reinforced endotracheal tube</p><p>The reinforced <a href="https://www.hondemedical.com/endotracheal-tube" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">endotracheal tube</a> has a huge advantage over the conventional endotracheal tube in terms of material and composition. The reinforced endotracheal tube is also called a spring tube. Its main material is a special soft resin and the wall has a spiral steel wire, which greatly improves the flexibility of the tube body. It is generally used during the use of the reinforced endotracheal tube. Lubricating paraffin oil will be applied to the tube core to make the intubation smoother, and the intubation time and success rate have certain advantages compared with ordinary endotracheal tubes. In addition, the tip of the reinforced endotracheal tube has a softer texture, which can change with the shape of the upper airway. The fit is better, and the friction with the mucosal tissue is reduced, the damage is small, and the occurrence of complications can be effectively controlled.</p><p><br></p><p>Flushable endotracheal tube</p><p>In mechanically ventilated patients, due to the weakening or disappearance of the swallowing reflex, cough reflex and cilia of the lower respiratory tract, oropharyngeal secretions and colonizing bacteria tend to accumulate on the catheter balloon, forming a "mucus paste" in this area, which becomes a reservoir of bacteria. Therefore, to effectively prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary to promptly and effectively remove the secretions above the endotracheal tube balloon. The flushing endotracheal tube allows the secretions and colonizing bacteria accumulated in the subglottis to be sucked out with the flushing fluid, directly reducing the leakage of secretions from the mouth, nasopharynx to the lower respiratory tract and the migration of colonizing bacteria, while the conventional endotracheal tube cannot be above the balloon Flushing of the retentate helps reduce the incidence of postoperative lung complications in the hospital and delays the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.</p><p><br></p><p>Single lumen bronchial catheter</p><p>It is a single-lumen catheter placed in the bronchus. The artificial airway that implements lung isolation and one-lung ventilation is collectively called endobronchial catheter. One-lung ventilation refers to the selective detection of lung ventilation during thoracotomy, and the unventilated lung of the affected side lung collapses. It is characterized by slender body and short cuff. In order to ensure the ventilation of the upper lobe of the right lung, the anterior cuff of the right bronchial tube is divided into two sections, with a side opening in the middle corresponding to the opening of the bronchus of the right upper lobe.</p><p><br></p><p>Double lumen bronchial catheter</p><p>There are many types of dual-lumen bronchial catheters widely used in clinical single-lung ventilation, including Carlen, White and Robertshaw. The design principle is basically the same: one tube with two lumens, two sections with two openings, one opening is located at the distal end of the catheter, the other opening is located at the main bronchus, and air bags are installed in the trachea and the main bronchus respectively. However, double-lumen endotracheal tube intubation has higher requirements for the surgeon. Due to the characteristics of the anatomical structure of the right main bronchus, it is difficult to ensure the correct position of the catheter.</p><p><br></p><p>Pediatric endotracheal tube</p><p>The pediatric endotracheal tube is marked with a single or double black circle at 2cm and 3cm from the front end, respectively. The purpose is to guide the length of the catheter to be inserted into the human tube to prevent excessive insertion. Some pediatric ducts are coated with a longitudinal black line that can be radiated, which can be visualized under X-rays to understand the position of the duct in the trachea. Children under the age of 5 need to use a cuffless endotracheal tube to increase safety. This is related to the cricoid cartilage at the narrowed part of the airway in children.</p>
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