The Roller Coaster

<p>A<strong> <a href="https://www.wf-attractions.com/" target="_blank">roller</a> <a href="https://www.wf-attractions.com/products" target="_blank">coaster</a></strong> is a motorized amusement facility commonly found in amusement parks and theme parks. Although the roller coaster is scary and scary, it is basically a very safe facility and is loved by many young tourists.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>Main principle</strong></p><p>The roller coaster is an exciting entertainment tool. Many people are fascinated by the thrilling, thrilling thrill. If you are interested in physics, not only can you experience the thrill of adventure while riding a roller coaster, but also help to understand the laws of mechanics. In fact, the motion of a roller coaster contains many physics principles, which are used skillfully in the design of roller coasters. If you can experience the effects of energy conservation, acceleration and force intertwined, it feels amazing. You don't need to use your brain to deal with physics this time. Just tighten your abs and protect your stomach. Of course, if you are limited by your physical conditions and psychological endurance, you can't experience the various feelings brought by the roller coaster yourself. You may wish to stand by and watch the movement of the roller coaster and the reactions of the passengers.</p><p>At the beginning, the <a href="https://www.wf-attractions.com/products" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">roller coaster</a> train relied on the thrust of the catapult or the chain to climb to the highest point, but after the first down, there was no device to power it. In fact, from this point on, the only "engine" that drives it along the track will be gravity potential energy, which consists of a continuous transformation process that converts potential energy into kinetic energy and kinetic energy into gravity.</p><p>The first kind of energy, that is, the gravitational potential energy, is the energy that an object possesses because of its location. It is generated by the gravity interaction between the object and the earth. For a roller coaster, its potential energy reaches its maximum at its highest point, which is when it climbs to the peak of the "hill". When the roller coaster begins to fall, its potential energy is continuously reduced (because the height has dropped), but the energy will not disappear, but will be converted into kinetic energy, which is the energy of movement. However, during the energy conversion process, heat is generated due to friction between the roller coaster's wheels and the track, and a small amount of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energy) is lost. This is why the subsequent hills in the design are slightly shorter than the hills at the beginning.</p><p>The last section of the <a href="https://www.wf-attractions.com/products" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">roller coaster</a> is the most exciting gift the roller coaster gives to brave passengers. In fact, the feeling of descent is most intense in the rear compartment of the roller coaster. Because the last car passed the highest point faster than the car at the head of the roller coaster, this is due to gravity acting on the center of mass of the roller coaster. In this way, the person in the last compartment can quickly reach and cross the highest point, which will create a feeling of being thrown away because the center of mass is accelerating. The wheels of the rear carriage are firmly fastened to the track, or the small carriage may derail and fly out when it reaches the peak.</p><p>The situation of the car at the head of the car is different. Its center of mass is "behind". In a short time, although it is in a descending state, it has to "wait" for the center of mass to be pushed by a high point over gravity.</p><p>The roller coaster's vertical ring is a centrifuge device. As the train approaches the loop, the passenger's inertial speed points straight ahead. However, the carriage has been traveling along the track, preventing the passengers' bodies from moving in a straight line. The outward inertia of the passenger itself generates an inertial force, allowing the passenger to stay firmly at the bottom of the compartment even when his head is facing down. Of course, passengers need some kind of safety protective gear to ensure their safety, but in most large loops, passengers will stay in the car with or without protective gear.</p><p>As the train moves along the loop, the resultant force on the passengers is constantly changing. At the bottom of the loop, because the acceleration is facing upwards, the upward supporting force of the track to the tourists is greater than gravity. At this time, the tourists can feel the phenomenon of overweight, that is, they feel particularly heavy. As they rushed up the loop, gravity pushed the passengers towards the floor. So passengers will feel gravity squeezing you towards the seat.</p><p>At the top of the loop, the passenger is completely inverted. The gravity pointing to the ground and the downward support of the track want to pull the passenger out of the seat, but the support and gravity are only balanced with the centrifugal force, that is, the centripetal force required for movement. If the speed of the speeding car is small and the centrifugal force generated is less than gravity, the speeding car will fall. Therefore, a certain speed is required to ensure safety at the top of the loop. At the same time, due to the existence of centrifugal force, a part of the gravity is offset, so passengers will lose weight and feel their bodies become extremely light. When the train leaves the loop and travels horizontally, passengers will return to their original gravity.</p><p>The charm of the Great Swing is that it is packed with rich elements in a short track. Within seconds, the forces acting on the passengers are constantly changing, allowing people to experience different sensations. When these forces are applied to various parts of the body, the eyes will see the entire world upside down. For many roller coaster passengers, at the top of the loop is the most exciting moment in the entire operation. People will feel as light as feathers and only see the sky in their eyes.</p><p>In large loops, the strength of vertical acceleration is determined by two factors: the speed of the train and the angle of the curve. When the train enters the loop, it has the greatest kinetic energy, that is, it moves at the fastest speed. At the top of the loop, gravity has reduced the speed of the train to some extent, so the train has more potential energy, but the kinetic energy is reduced, that is, it is moving at a lower speed, but the speed cannot be lower than a certain safety Speed ​​of travel.</p><p>The earliest designers of the roller coaster used a round circle. In this design, the angle of the curve along the way is a constant. In order to generate enough vertical acceleration at the top of the loop to press the train against the track, designers must allow the train to enter the loop at a fairly fast speed (so that the train can still travel fast at the top of the loop). Faster speeds mean that passengers will experience more force when entering the loop, which can make passengers uncomfortable.</p><p>The drop-shaped design makes it easier to balance these forces. The angle of the curve at the top of the loop is more sharp than the side of the loop. This allows the train to pass through the loop at a fast enough speed, so that it has sufficient acceleration at the top of the loop, and the drop-shaped design will produce less vertical acceleration on the side. This provides the force required to maintain all operations of the roller coaster without applying excessive forces to potentially dangerous locations.</p><p>Once the <a href="https://www.wf-attractions.com/products" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">roller coaster</a> has finished its journey, the braking device will stop the roller coaster very safely. The speed of the deceleration is controlled by the pressure of the gas in the brake cylinder.</p>